Dieting is the practice of taking food in a regulated manner to achieve or maintain a controlled weight. In most cases, a diet is used in conjunction with exercise to lose weight with those who are overweight or obese. Some athletes, however, follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle). Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight.
Diets to promote weight loss are generally divided into four categories: low fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie and very low calorie. A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between the major types of food (low calorie, low carbohydrate and low fat) with a 2-4 kg weight loss in all studies.At two years all the calorie-restricted diet to cause similar types weight loss regardless of macronutrient emphasized.
The first popular diet was "Banting", named William Banting. In his 1863 pamphlet, Letter to obesity, addressed to the public, he outlined the details of a very low-carbohydrate, low-calorie diet, which led to his dramatic weight loss.
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